A scheme is an agreed-upon mechanism
for communication, typically between a client and a server. The scheme to reference Web servers
uses the HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Other schemes and their related protocols are discussed
later in this section.
n www.idest.com??”The name of the server providing the resource. The server can be either a
domain name (with or without the www prefix) or an Internet Protocol (IP) address, such as
199.227.52.143.
n :80??”The port number to be used on the server. Most URLs do not include a port number,
which is analogous to a telephone extension number on the server, because most servers use the
defaults.
n /Dreamweaver??”The directory path to the resource. Depending on where the resource (for
example, the Web page) is located on the server, the following paths can be specified: no path
(indicating that the resource is in the public root of the server), a single folder name, or a number
of folders and subfolders.
n /index.htm??”The filename of the resource. If the filename is omitted, the Web browser looks
for a default page, often named index.html or index.htm. The browser reacts differently
depending on the type of file. For example, GIFs and JPEGs are displayed by themselves; executable
files and archives (Zip, StuffIt, and so on) are downloaded.
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